University of Central Florida (UCF) EUH2000 Western Civilization I Midterm Practice Exam

Nationalism in the 19th century played a significant role in inspiring movements for independence and self-determination among various ethnic and cultural groups. As people began to identify more strongly with their nation—defined by shared language, culture, and history—they sought to assert their rights to govern themselves and establish sovereign states. This sense of national identity was particularly potent in regions under imperial or colonial rule, where diverse groups yearned to break free from foreign domination and create nations that reflected their distinct identities.

This trend is evident in numerous independence movements during the 19th century, particularly in the Americas and Europe. For instance, the unification movements in Italy and Germany were fueled by nationalistic fervor, as well as the various independence struggles in Latin America against Spanish colonial rule. These movements were often characterized by a desire for autonomy, cultural recognition, and political representation, underscoring how nationalism became a powerful driving force for change during this period.

In contrast, the other options do not capture the primary impact of nationalism. Nationalism did not primarily promote global citizenship, which suggests an overarching sense of belonging beyond national boundaries. While nationalism did lead to divisions within existing states, its most visible outcome was the push for independence rather than solely fragmentation.