What characterized the Roman Republic in terms of social structure?

The Roman Republic is best characterized by an aristocratic framework, where power was primarily held by a privileged minority, notably the patrician class. This elite group consisted of wealthy and influential families who possessed significant social, political, and economic advantages over the common citizens.

While the Republic did implement certain democratic principles, such as the election of representatives and the establishment of various assemblies, the political power remained concentrated among this established aristocracy. The plebeians, or lower class, often struggled to gain equal representation and influence in governance, leading to a series of conflicts known as the Conflict of the Orders, which ultimately sought to address these disparities.

Additionally, while elected officials did play a role in the governance of the Republic, the positions of power frequently benefited aristocratic families, further solidifying the notion that the government was dominated by a select few rather than reflecting a fully democratic society. Therefore, this characteristic of the Roman Republic highlights the complexities within its social structure, marked by both the presence of popular assemblies and the overarching control of the aristocracy.