What did the Greeks perceive their fight against the Persians to represent?

The Greeks perceived their fight against the Persians as a struggle for freedom versus slavery because the Persian Empire was characterized by its autocratic rule and the subjugation of various peoples, including the Greek city-states. The Greeks valued their political independence and democratic ideals, especially in cities like Athens. When they united to confront the Persian threat during events such as the Persian Wars, it was not just a military campaign but also a deeply symbolic fight to defend their way of life, which they contrasted with what they viewed as the oppressive nature of Persian rule.

This perception enhanced their sense of identity and purpose, galvanizing various Greek states to form alliances such as the Hellenic League. The victory at battles like Marathon and Salamis was celebrated not only for military success but also as a triumph of freedom over tyranny. This duality of struggle resonates through history, influencing future notions of liberty and democracy in Western civilization.