What was the highest social class in Hebrew society?

In ancient Hebrew society, the highest social class was represented by the priests. They held a pivotal role in religious practices and were responsible for performing sacrifices and maintaining the sanctity of the Temple. The priests came from the tribe of Levi and were considered mediators between God and the people, which elevated their status above other social classes.

While the king certainly held significant power and authority, especially in terms of governance and military leadership, the religious significance and societal role of the priests positioned them as the ultimate authority in spiritual matters. The kings, although powerful, often relied on the support and guidance of the priests, further underscoring the priests' important status within the society.

In contrast, merchants and common people did not hold the same level of influence or authority. The common people were the majority who worked the land and lived daily lives far removed from the religious and political power wielded by the priests and the king. Therefore, the correct designation for the highest social class in Hebrew society is indeed the priests.